Canadian North, First Air will merge to serve Canadian arctic
Calgary-based Canadian North and Ottawa-based First Air airlines have announced plans to merge—the latest step in the carriers’ efforts to combine air services to best meet the needs of communities in the Canadian arctic.
The two carriers plan to operate under the Canadian North name with an administrative headquarters in Ottawa. “By merging these airlines, we look forward to new economic opportunities in Canada and internationally, and to better air services for Inuit across the circumpolar region,” the carriers said.
The deal, which requires regulatory approval, is expected to close this year.
The two carriers provide key passenger and cargo connections between communities in Canada’s northern region as well as links to the country’s major metropolitan areas down south. Inuvialuit Development Corp. (IDC)-owned Canadian North flies to 17 cities in the Northwest Territories and Nunavut, using Ottawa and Edmonton as southern gateways. First Air, which is owned by the Makivik Corp., links 31 communities across Northern Canada and serves Edmonton, Winnipeg, Ottawa and Montreal.
The two carriers have taken several approaches to pool resources and better meet the demands of the communities they serve. Talks to merge in 2014 ended without an agreement. That deal also would have set up a single carrier with an Ottawa headquarters. A year later, the carriers announced a codeshare deal, but First Air ended it in 2017.
The goals behind the merger and codeshare deals are similar: stretch resources to provide more consistent, reliable service to northern Canada. The challenges are not going away, and in some ways—such as finding enough qualified pilots—they may be getting worse.
“Air service is not a luxury for Northerners. It is a vital lifeline which requires ongoing investment,” IDC Chair Patrick Gruben said. Added Makivik president Charlie Watt: “The world is changing and we need to adapt to new realities.”
The two carriers said combining forces “is the only viable way” to meet air service demands in the Canadian north. A 2017 investigation by Canada’s Competition Bureau concluded that a merger’s benefits would outweigh its drawbacks. The investigation looked at allegations that the region’s carriers were colluding to keep fares high and discouraging competition.
In 2016, startup Go Sarvaq shut down shortly before its scheduled launch date, because in part low fares offered by competitors on its proposed routes. The bureau acknowledged the fare battle, but said it found no evidence of collusion among the incumbents.
The merger will create a wholly Inuit-owned, new airline focused on Canada’s North. Inuvialuit Development Corporation chair Patrick Gruben says: “Air service is not a luxury for Northerners; it is a vital lifeline which requires ongoing investment. We are proud of Canadian North’s tremendous success while fulfilling its mandate to provide safe, stable air service to customers in Canada’s Northern regions and we look forward to further improving these services in partnership with Makivik Corporation.”
Makivik president Charlie Watt, Sr says: “The world is changing and we need to adapt to new realities. This is one way to assert our sovereignty across the Arctic.” A report commissioned by the Government of Nunavut supports the need for more efficiency in Nunavut air transportation services; a merger of First Air and Canadian North is the only viable way to both meet and exceed these essential needs for Nunavummiut and all Northerners.
First Air currently connects 31 communities in Canada’s Arctic with scheduled services and handles some 25 million kilograms of cargo, mainly on combi-aircraft, every year.
First Air operates a fleet of 20 aircraft, including 13 ATR 42s, five Boeing 737-400s, and two 737-200s, Aviation Week’s Fleet Discovery data show.
Canadian North has 16 aircraft, including 10 737-300s, three 737-200s, and three de Havilland Twin Otters.
In addition to its core northern region services, both carriers have sizable charter businesses.
